《英汉汉英笔译1》作业 英语2105班 徐林琪

1.   On April 18, 2022, the China National Botanical Garden officially opened its doors to the public 2022年4月18日，万众瞩目的"国家植物园"在北京正式揭牌

知识点：涉及词汇翻译中的知识点，需通过分析句子句型的语法结构和逻辑关系来判断词义。

分析：国家植物园得用“正式揭牌”来搭配，这是需要的根据原文的语境来选择中文含义的。这种翻译既保留了原文的意思，又符合中文的语言习惯和读者的阅读理解。

2.   the man who spent his entire career trying to bring the garden to life.因为他一辈子逐梦"国家植物园"。

知识点：用了意译的翻译方式

分析：将his entire career意译成一辈子，逐梦与trying to bring the garden to life"相对应

3.   His intellect stood out from an early age, winning him a coveted spot in an elite overseas exchange program.从小天资卓越，获得了令人艳羡的留学西洋的机会。

知识点：篇章翻译中的衔接，主语省略

分析：His intellect和him的省略，体现出了中英翻译差异，中文可以省略部分，但仍能表达完整含义，注重“意和”即可。

4.   Not long after, he became a professor of agricultural sciences at Southeast University in the eastern city of Nanjing不久后，他受聘为国立南京高等师范学校农林专修科植物学教授

知识点：中英翻译过程中，主被动的转换

分析：he became a professor翻译成他受聘为，是有主被动变化，是中英翻译差异。

5.   Hu rallied support and funding for his plan on trips across China。他跑遍中国，上上下下寻求支持和资金.

知识点：翻译时，中文以短句为主，人称代词要考虑是否全部翻译完全，整体语序要做一定改变。

分析：across China省译，语序调整至前面；rallied support and funding翻译为上上下下寻求支持和资金，上上下下把rallied翻译地很形象贴近原文。

6.   But just when Hu’s idea seemed to be gaining steam, it was abandoned when the ruling Kuomintang regime launched a major military expedition that summer. 但是正当他的计划加速推进的时候，当时的国民党政府于当年夏天发起了一场大规模的军事行动，使得他的计划不得不终止。

知识点：考虑一些专有名词的翻译，要有专业性；根据上下文分析词语含义；整体语序也有改动，根据各个短句逻辑关系。

分析：gaining steam翻译为"加速推进"，而不是原意，考虑了上下文。将abondon放在最后翻译，将时间放前，反映翻译要注意语序变化。

7.   Yet he could never quite stomach the idea that a Chinese scholar should have to travel to the other side of the world to study Chinese plants.那时中国人想研究中国植物却要远赴异国他乡，胡先骕很不喜欢这个感觉。

知识点：翻译时语序变动，翻译用词更专业化。

分析：把never quite stomach放到最后，可以看出对前面事件的强调。the other side of the world翻译为异国他乡。

原文：

Improved human well-being is one of the greatest triumphs of the modern era. The age of plenty has also led to an unexpected global health crisis: 2 billion people are either overweight or obese. Developed countries have been especially susceptible to unhealthy weight gain. However, developing countries are now facing a similar crisis. Obesity rates have peaked in high income countries but are accelerating elsewhere. The combined findings of the World Health Organization and the World Bank showed that in 2016 Asia was home to half the world’s overweight children. One quarter were in Africa. This crisis will test the political resolve of governments that have focused on ending hunger. These governments must understand that the factors making cities convenient and productive also make their residents prone to obesity. Urbanites enjoy a variety of food. International fast food chains are flourishing in developing countries. The health risks of such diets are compounded by the sedentary lifestyles of urban dwellers. People’s leisure time is also being occupied by television, movies, and video games in the growing number of households.

译文：

现代最伟大的成就之一是人类社会生活水平的提高。物质充裕的时代也导致了意想不到的全球健康危机：20亿人超重或肥胖。发达国家尤其容易出现不健康的体重增长。然而，发展中国家现在也面临着类似的危机。在高收入国家，肥胖率已经达到峰值，但在其他国家也正在加速上升。根据世界卫生组织和世界银行的联合调查结果表明，2016年亚洲儿童超重人数占全世界儿童超重人数的一半，而非洲儿童占超重人数的四分之一。这场危机将考验那些专注于消除饥饿的政府的政治决心。这些政府必须认识到，使城市便利和高效的因素也会使居民更容易肥胖。城市居民享受各种各样的食物。全球快餐连锁店在发展中国家蓬勃发展。城市居民久坐不动的生活方式，加剧了这样饮食方式的健康风险。在越来越多的家庭中，人们的休闲时间被看电视、看电影和打电子游戏这些娱乐方式所占据。

2020 was a difficult year for many reasons, including, of course, a global pandemic. In the year’s final days, my husband, our 17-year-old son, who loves to hike, and I had been cooped up at home for months. Over the summer, we had taken advantage of our unexpected time together, camping, hiking, and backpacking in California’s mountains. But winter found us housebound and feeling a bit trapped. Our annual pilgrimage to Joshua Tree National Park to stay with friends and “hike our guts out,” as I often put it, had been quashed by Northern California’s third lockdown. Like a caged coyote, I paced our little house in Davis, thinking I would lose my mind if I couldn’t do something to break up the tedium of sheltering in place in winter’s darkness.

2020年成为艰难的一年的原因有很多，其中尤其是全球新冠疫情。在这一年的最后几天，我和我的丈夫，还有我们酷爱远足的十七岁的儿子被关在家里好几个月。整个夏天，我们在这段意外的时间中，一起去加利福尼亚的山上野营远足和背包旅行。但是冬天使我们无法离开家这让我们感觉被困住了。我们每年在约书亚树公园的朝圣活动，会和朋友呆在一起并且会远足增加胆量。但也由于加利福尼亚南部的第三次封锁，活动被制止，我们因此搁置。像被困在笼子里的胶囊，我在戴维斯的家里踱步，如果不能做什么事情来打破单调的住所，在这黑暗的冬天，我将会失去理智。

译后反思报告

班级：英语2105班                      

姓名：徐林琪                    

学号：202130502000320

关于肥胖的文章译文反思

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

关于疫情的文章译文反思

1.

2.

3.

总反思：

总体来说，我的译文的表达大致正确，但可以在一些细节和用词的选择上进行优化。同时，注意英语和汉语在表达思维方式上的差异，确保表达的准确和流畅。我认为可以进一步思考如何更好地传达原文的情感表达和形象描绘，以及如何更准确地传达原文中的细节和信息。这可以通过更深入地理解目标语言的表达方式和文化背景来实现。同时注意将原文意思准确地翻译成中文尽量避免遗漏细节，并注意不同语言之间的思维方式和句式结构的差异。同时，在翻译过程中要尽量保持专业性和准确性，以确保读者能够准确理解原文的含义。

原文：

Behind China’s New Botanical Garden

On April 18, 2022, the China National Botanical Garden officially opened its doors to the public — almost 80 years after it was first proposed. And while he didn’t live to see it happen, no one loomed larger over last month’s ceremony than Hu Xiansu, the man who spent his entire career trying to bring the garden to life.

Hu was born in 1894 in Nanchang, the capital of the central province of Jiangxi. His intellect stood out from an early age, winning him a coveted spot in an elite overseas exchange program. After graduating from the University of California, Berkeley in 1916 with a degree in Botany, Hu was named the vice-director of the Jiangxi Lushan Bureau of Forestry. Not long after, he became a professor of agricultural sciences at Southeast University in the eastern city of Nanjing, where he teamed with zoologist Bing Zhi to found the country’s first ever Department of Biology.

It was an impressive start to his academic career, but Hu wasn’t satisfied. In 1923, he returned to the United States for a Ph.D. program at Harvard University.Harvard boasted some of the world’s top botanists, a wealth of Chinese botanical specimens, and the world-renowned Arnold Arboretum. It was a goldmine for a researcher like Hu. Yet he could never quite stomach the idea that a Chinese scholar should have to travel to the other side of the world to study Chinese plants. In a 1925 poem, he called it “a disgrace to the nation that my heart can hardly bear.”

In 1926, not long after finishing his Ph.D., Hu set about rectifying the situation. Arguing that plants represented an important industrial and agricultural resource, he sought funds for the construction of a botanical garden in Nanjing. In support of his plan, he pointed out that world-changing plant products like rubber, tea, and cinchona all benefitted from studies conducted in botanical gardens.

But just when Hu’s idea seemed to be gaining steam, it was abandoned when the ruling Kuomintang regime launched a major military expedition that summer.Undeterred, Hu tried again in 1933, this time proposing a botanical garden in Lushan, near where he grew up. At the time, northern China was under threat of invasion by the Japanese, and Hu tried leveraging this fear to get his project built. At a meeting that year, he declared the Lushan facility would not just be a botanical garden: Should the Japanese invade, it would also serve as “a base to which (other research institutes) could be relocated.” Hu rallied support and funding for his plan on trips across China, and in August 1934, the Lushan Forest Botanical Garden — later renamed the Lushan Botanical Garden — was officially founded.Modeled after the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew, England, the Lushan Forest Botanical Garden was a remarkable, if short-lived, success. Between 1934 and 1938, the Garden developed a seed exchange network with botanical research institutes in China and abroad, carried out investigations into Chinese botanical resources, and cultivated more than 3,100 species of plants.

 中国植物园背后的故事

2022年4月18日，中国国家植物园正式向公众敞开大门，距离首次提议建设已经过去了近80年。在上个月的仪式上，没有人比胡先骕更备受关注了，他把自己的职业生涯都倾注在这座植物园上，虽然他至死仍未看到这一幕发生。

 胡先骕生于1894年，江西省南昌市，中部省份的首府。他从小就脱颖而出，并且赢得了一个梦寐以求的海外精英交流项目。1916年，他从伯克利的加利福尼亚大学取得植物学学位后，被任命为江西庐山森林局副局长。不久后，他成为东部城市南京的东南大学农学教授。在那里，他与动物学家秉志合作，创建了我国有史以来第一个生物研究所。

 胡先骕的学术生涯的开端令人钦佩，但他并不满足。1923年，他再次赴美入哈佛大学深造，攻读博士学位。哈佛拥有大量世界顶尖的植物学家，丰富的中国植物标本，以及闻名于界的阿诺德森林植物园。这对于像胡先骕这样的研究人员来说，无疑是一座金矿。然而，他始终无法接受一个中国学者不得不远赴异国他乡，研究中国的植物。他在1925年写的一首诗中，称这是“我心头难以承受的民族耻辱”。

1926年，胡先骕在完成博士学位不久后，便着手改变这一状况。他认为植物代表着一种重要的工农业资源，寻求资金在南京建造一个植物园，以支撑他的计划。他指出改变世界的植物产品，如橡胶、茶和金鸡纳树，这些都受益于植物园的研究。

 然而，在胡先骕的提议越来越有势头时，当时的国民党政府在那年夏天发动了一次大规模的军事远征，使得这个想法被迫放弃。1933年，胡先骕毫不气馁，他再次尝试，这次提议在他长大的地方庐山附近，建立一个植物园。当时，中国北方面临日本入侵，受到极大威胁。胡先骕试图利用这种恐惧来推动他的设想。在那年的一次会议上，他宣布庐山研究所不仅仅是一个植物园：如果日本入侵，它还将成为“一个（其他研究所）可以搬迁的基地”。胡先骕为了计划，在全国游说，以寻求支持和资金。1934年8月，庐山森林植物园正式成立，后更名为庐山植物园。庐山森林植物园仿照英国皇家植物园——邱园，虽历时短暂，但也取得了非凡的成功。在1934年至1938年间，植物园与国内外植物研究所建立了种子交换网络，调查中国植物资源，并培育了超3100种植物。