《远东国际法庭庭审记录翻译》第三辑第三册英译汉
Fall of YONAI Cabinet, Tri-Partite Pact, Imperial Rule Assistance Association.
三事件：米内内阁瓦解、《三国盟约》、大政翼赞会
00-19. These three events are here discussed jointly as they represent the three parts of the main policy to establish a New Order in Greater East Asia under Japan to parallel a New Order in Europe under Germany and Italy. To Japan, the New Order in Greater East Asia simply meant the freedom to be left alone, without hindrance from third powers and restraints from treaty commitments, in her exploitation of Manchuria and China and to advance southward and gobble up the fabulous riches of Indo-China, Indonesia and other countries in the south seas.
OO-19. 将如上三事件一起讨论是因为其构成日本“建立大东亚新秩序”这一主要政策重要组成部分，并与德意在欧洲建立新秩序相对应。建立大东亚新秩序就意味着日本可以不受第三大国的阻碍和条约限制，独自剥削满洲和中国，并向南进，掠夺南海诸国，如印度支那、印度尼西亚和其他国家的巨大财富。
a. Events Preceeding YONAI Fall.
2-a 米内内阁瓦解前
OO-20. After formidable German panzer divisions blitzkrieged through the heart of France, MUTO and other Japanese leaders in Tokyo decided to make hay while the Nazi sun was brightly shining. On May 22, 1940, Germany on the prodding of Japanese emissaries in Berlin advised Japan she was not interested in the Netherlands Indies, a declaration taken as a green light for Japan to move in on Indonesia.(a.) After the surrender of France on June 17, 1940, the Four Ministers Conference decided to send a " request" to Indo-China to discontinue aid to Chiang Kai-shek and to use force in case of refusal.(b.)
OO-20.当令人望而生畏的德国装甲师闪击法国心脏地区之际，武藤和其他日本领导人决定在纳粹如日中天之时抓住这一有利时机。1940年5月22日，德国在日本驻柏林外交官的怂恿下通告日本，德国对荷属印度群岛不感兴趣，此声明被视为日本进入印尼的开了绿灯。a.法国在1940年6月17日宣布投降后，日本四大臣会议决定向印度支那发出“请求”，要求其中止援助蒋介石，并称如果此请求遭拒会诉诸武力。
OO-21. The atmosphere prevailing in Japan at the time was best pictured by Prince KONOYE: " In the spring of 1940, when the overwhelming military strength of Germany had swept across western Europe and threatened, as it appeared, the existence of Great Britain, the question of a Tri-Partite military alliance again became a nationwide topic of great popularity. However, inasmuch as the alliance this time was to be directed against Great Britain and the United States and not against the U. S. S. R. as in the previous year, there is a fundamental difference in nature between the two plans."(a.) KONOYS further disclosed that " anti-Anglo-Saxon sentiments and enthusiasm for a Tri-Partite Alliance were at their height, especially among the military circles. . ."(b.)
OO-21.此气氛当时在日本国内盛行，近卫公爵对此有很好的诠释：“1940年春，德国势不可挡的军事力量横扫西欧，似乎威胁到英国的存亡，因此建立三国军事同盟这一议题再次成为全国热门话题。但由于此同盟针对英美两国，不似前一年针对苏联，因此这两个计划在本质上有根本的不同。”米内进一步透露，“反英美情绪和对《三国盟约》的热情达到了巅峰，特别是在军界……”b.
OO-22. MUTO was not caught napping. As early as March of 1940 be had the foresight to see the need of dissolving all political parties as a prereqquisite to establishing a totalitarian state in Japan and concluding a military alliance with victorious Germany. On the 20th of that month, MUTO formally advocated on the floor of the Diet the dissolution of the existing political parties. Citing Count TERAUCHI's views on totalitarianism, MUTO suggested that nationalism is a better name for totalitarianism of European conception and should be the guiding principle of the Japanese nation.(a.)
OO-22. 武藤当时也没闲着。早在1940年3月他就有先见之明，认为在日本建立极权国家，并与所向披靡的德国缔结军事同盟的先决条件是必须解散所有政党。同月20日，武藤在国会发言正式主张解散现有政党。武藤援引寺内伯爵关于极权主义的观点，认为民族主义是欧洲极权概念的更好称呼，应该作为日本民族的指导性原则。a.
Turning now to the last sentence of paragraph 23 on page 13:
OO-23. ... Parenthetically, Count TERAUCHI whose views on totalitarianism MUTO quoted, was the same TERAUCHI who had been sent in 1939 to Berlin as Japanese official representative to the Nazi Party Conference.(a.)
OO-23 附带说一句，武藤所引用的极权主义观点的持有者寺内伯爵，既是1939年作为日本官方被派往柏林参加纳粹党会议的特别代表寺内伯爵。
OO-24. MUTO's diet speech immediately bore fruit. Three days later, Ambassador Ott happily reported to Berlin that there was a noticeable stiffening of Japanese attitude towards England and America.(a.) On April 14, 1940, Count ARIMA broached to KIDO the question of merging all political parties into one. (b.) On May 26th, KONOYE, KIDO and ARIMA dined together over the same problem. (c.) KIDO pointed out that " By July 8, 1940, Prince KONOYE was identifying himself with the establishment of a new political structure, having resigned as President of the Privy Council." (d.)
OO-24 武藤的议会上的演说效果立竿见影。三天后，奥托大使高兴地向柏林报告说，日本对英美的态度明显强硬了。1940年4月14日，有田伯爵向木户提出将所有政党合并为一个政党。5月26日，近卫、木户和有田一起用餐讨论同一问题。c.木户指出，“到1940年7月8日，近卫公爵已辞去枢密院议长职务，同意建立一个新的政治体制。”
OO-25. Very understandably, KONOYE thus became the darling of the Army who were exasperated with Premier YONAI for " idly losing an opportunity which would never come again." (a.)Around July 8, 1940, Vice-Minister of War ANAMI assured KIDO that " the army solidly desired for the Prince's emergence as Prime Minister," which made KIDO feel " somewhat uneasy." (b.) On the 9th, HATA asked Premier YONAI's cooperation with the new domestic organization.(c.) On the 11th, MUTO called on ISHIWATA, Cabinet Secretary General, and explained in detail the intention of the Army, " amplifying the intention of the War Minister."(d.) On cross-examination, MUTO said he spoke with ISHIWATA " of my agreement and approval of the direction towards which Prime Minister KONOYE's intentions were directed." (e.)
OO-25.可想而知，近卫因此成了军部的宠儿，因为他们对米内首相“无端丧失一个千载难逢的机会”很不满。a.1940年7月8日前后，陆军次长阿南向木户肯定地说，“军部坚定地希望公爵任首相，这让木户感到“有些不安”。
同月9日，畑要求米内首相与新的国内机构合作。c.11日，武藤拜访了内阁官房长官石渡，详细解释了军方的意图，“强调陆军大臣的意图。”d.在交叉询问时，武藤说他和石渡说“我赞同近卫首相是受指示的。”
2-b. Why YONAI Cabinet Fell.
OO-26. The Army, through MUTO and ViceMinister of War ANAMI, finally came around to demand, sometime in the middle of July 1940, the " mass resignation of the Cabinet in order to realize KONOYE's political order," and when it was declined MUTO and ANAMI declared " there was nothing to be done but force the resignation of War Minister MATA."(a.) On cross-examination, YONAI corroborated this, although he thought ANAMI was not there.(b.) MATA told YONAI that the opinions expressed by MUTO and ANAMI were their own personal opinions.(c.)
OO-26. 1940年7月中旬，军部终于通过武藤和阿南陆军次长，委婉要求“内阁集体辞职，以实现近卫的政治秩序”，当遭到拒绝时，武藤和阿南宣称“除了强迫陆军大臣畑辞职外，别无选择。”a.在交叉询问中，米内证实了这一点，尽管他认为阿南不在场。b.畑告诉米内，武藤和阿南表达的意见是他们自己的个人意见。
OO-26a. Premier YONAI disclosed that HATA resigned as War Minister because the army considered his Cabinet weak,(a.) and his Cabinet was considered weak because it did not support the creation of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association and the alliance between Germany and Japan, which at the time were the main questions of domestic and foreign policy. (b.) He said he was against the creation of the Imperial Rule Assistance Association because it would have " meant the establishment of a dictatorship," a " fascist regime" in Japan, along " the same lines as in Germany," under which Parliament, instead of being the organ of deliberation " would become an organ, where the members would simply vote for and applaud any measure demanded by dictatorship."(c.) He stated that the most influential persons in military circles at the time were War Minister HATA, Chief of Military Affairs Section MUTO, and Chief of General Staff SUGIYAMA, all of whom expressed their dissatisfaction with the policy of his Cabinet.(d.) MUTO, by the way, admitted that while Chief of the Military Affairs Bureau he was very active and interested in politics.(e.)
OO-27. On July l6 War Minister HATA did resign. Before resigning, however, HATA first conferred at his office with ANAMI and MUTO, then with the Big Three of the Army with MUTO in attendance, and later with the members of the Supreme War Council, of which MUTO was Chief Secretary. (a.)
OO-27.7月16日，陆军大臣畑真的辞职了。然而，畑在辞职之前首先在办公室与阿南和武藤进行了交接，然后与武藤一起出席了陆军三长官会议，又与武藤任首席秘书的军事战争参议院参议官交接。a.转到同页第28段：
OO-28. To drive home his observation that TOJO leaned heavily on the political advice of MUTO, Ryukichi TANAKA cited the case of War Minister HATA who resigned from the Cabinet of YONAI because the Army's views on the Tripartite Alliance was not accepted by the Cabinet. In 1940, TANAKA asked General HATA " why he took such attitude which was really against his ideas and nature," and HATA replied that he was obliged to do so by the influence of MUTO." (a.)
OO-28.为了说明东条严重依赖武藤的政治建议的看法，田中隆吉援引了陆军大臣畑因陆军部对《三国盟约》的看法不被内阁接受而被迫辞职。1940年，田中问畑将军“为什么采取与他自己想法和本意违背的做法，”畑回答说，他受武藤影响被迫这样做。”a.
OO-29. KIDO stated the Army wanted a military alliance with Germany and wanted YONAI out. (a.) And the technique employed to bring about the fall of YONAI, was for the War Minister to refuse to agree to a successor.(b.) On July 17, 1940 Ambassador Ott was pleased to inform the German General Staff that in view of the Cabinet change forced by the Army, a speedy transition to a more active anti-English policy was to be expected.(c.)
【11】OO-29.木户说，陆军部希望与德国结成军事联盟，并希望米内下台。a.导致米内下台的手段是陆军大臣拒绝继任。b.1940年7月17日，奥托大使欣然通知德国总参谋部，鉴于陆军部迫使内阁更迭，将迅速过渡,并期待并采取更积极的反英政策。
