远东国际军事法庭庭审记录
第二辑第二十三卷翻译案例
No.4 is left out until the last paragraph on page 5.
第4条省略，直到第5页的最后一段。
“The withdrawal of the Burma Area Army Headquarters from Rangoon to Moulmein commenced at the end of April 1945, the complete concentration being effected at the beginning of July. The headquarters, however, could not function as it should; its hasty retreat to Moulmein, the loss of communication and transportation equipment and the important documents, the transference of many skilled staff-officers, the unsatisfactory replacements among the administrative personnel, frequent air raids by British-Indian planes and the fact that it was at the peak of the rainy season--all these factors interfered with the satisfactory functioning of the Army headquarters. Above all, the air raids by the British-Indian planes which were conducted in the daytime and on moonlight nights as well, frequently compelled the headquarters to seek shelter in the outlying villages of Moulmein and attend to its duties there. And most of the soldiers, too, not to speak of the invalids, had to seek shelter in the jungles both day and night.
缅甸方面军司令部从仰光撤退到毛淡棉的行动始于1945年4月底，7月初全部集中。然而，总部无法正常运作；它仓促撤退到毛淡棉，通讯、运输设备和重要文件丢失，许多熟练参谋人员被调离，行政人员的更换不尽人意，英印飞机频繁空袭以及正处于雨季高峰---所有这些因素都妨碍了陆军总部令人满意的运作。最重要的是，英印飞机在白天和月夜进行的空袭经常迫使总部在毛淡棉外围村庄寻求掩蔽，并在那里履行职责。大多数士兵，更不用说那些伤残的，不得不日夜在丛林中寻求掩蔽。
“At the end of March 1945, with the state of things prevailing so unfavorably, the national defense army of Burma, numbering 6,000-8,000 rose against the Japanese and the guerrillas started a campaign of harassing our rear lines and we were greatly menaced.
1945年3月底，时局如此不利，六千至八千名缅甸国防军叛乱抗日，游击队开始了骚扰我军后方的行动，我们受到了极大的威胁。
“The Burma National Defense Army had seemed favorable to the Japanese, as an agreement was arranged at Rangoon with the Japanese Army for united operations. The revolt was an unexpected one for the Japanese. Afterwards, it became clear that a secret declaration of war against Japan had been made and signed by Major General Aung san on 14 March 1945.For this purpose they had previously stationed numbers of men in the rear of the Japanese Army, at the key strategic points, such as Toungoo, Pegu, and Thaton. The main body in Henzada, with the outbreak of the uprising, destroyed the means of communication and transportation at several places, assaulted the sentry-guards, squads of soldiers and gendarmerie squads at various places, murdering most of these officers and seizing the money and stores kept in their custody. Espionage was engaged in by the guerrillas so that the Headquarters of the Burma Area Army and the 28th and the 33rd Corps headquarters were subjected to serious bombings with heavy losses to us, and the Japanese officers in charge of the national defense militia were for the most part killed. Of the 200-odd Japanese nationals, including the interpreters and the commercial clerks who were in the Delta region, only a few were found safe at the end of the war and the rest are still missing.
缅甸国防军原本似乎对日本有利，因为在仰光与日本军队达成了联合作战的协议。这次造反对日本人来说是意想不到的。此后，很明显，昂山少将于1945年3月14日秘密向日本宣战并签署了声明。为了这个目的，他们提前在日军后方，在东吁、勃固、打端等重要战略要地驻扎了许多兵力。随着造反的爆发，汉扎达的主力摧毁了几个地方的通讯和运输工具，袭击了各地的哨兵、士兵和宪兵队，杀害了这些军官中的大多数，夺走了他们保管的钱货。游击队从事间谍活动，致使缅甸军区司令部、第二十八军、第三十三军司令部遭到严重轰炸，给我们造成重大损失，负责国防自卫队的日本军官大部分丧生。在三角地带的200多名日本国民中，包括翻译和商业职员，只有少数人在战争结束时被发现安然无恙，其余的人仍然下落不明。
“However, General KIMURA sought no revenge. On the contrary, he stressed the importance of the friendship hitherto kept up between Japan and Burma and met the situation from a strategical point of view only. There were left no forces to meet the emergency. A small amount of troops and part of the 55th division which had been dispatched for aid in the quarter of Bassein and Meiktila were used for the purpose of making a false show of strength.
然而木村将军并未寻求报复。相反，他强调了迄今为止日缅之间保持的友谊的重要性，只是从战略的角度来应对局势。没有留下任何部队来应付紧急情况。一小部分部队和派往支援勃生和密铁拉（Meiktila）地区的第五十五师团的一部分被用来虚张声势。
“From January 1945 there began to be formed one after another guerrilla parties of Karen and Kachin tribes in the mountain regions south of Kemapew and Kaukareik area and in the regions south of Papun. What with the entry of the Indian educated Burmese, the arrival of Indians and British officers by means of parachutes and the replenishment by air of arms and munitions, the guerrillas grew rapidly to strength till the groups were scattered far and wide, working most actively in collusion with the rebels."
从1945年1月起，克伦（Karen）和克钦（Kachin）的游击队陆续在基马佩(Kemapew)和考卡雷克(Kaukareik)以南的山区和巴本(Papun)以南的地区成立。随着受过印度教育的缅甸人的加入，印度人和英国军官通过伞降抵达，空中补给武器和弹药，游击队迅速壮大，直到这些团体分散到四面八方，他们与叛乱分子勾结得最积极。
Skip now to the beginning of the fourth line, the bottom of the page:
现在跳到第四行的开头，页面的底部：
“In a nameless village on the western bank of the river,40 or 50 kilometers to the northwest of Swe-gyin, ten Japanese Red Cross were assaulted and not one of them came back alive (this, according to the report of the soldier who was with the victims at the time of the incident). For all of these cases of resistance on the part of the Burmese, General KIMURA always warned his troops against taking retaliatory measures.
在思威金（Swe-gyin）西北四五十公里的河西一个无名村庄，10个日本红十字会员遭到袭击，没有一个活着回来（据事发时与受害者在一起的士兵报告）。对于缅甸方面的所有这些抵抗事件，木村将军总是警告他的部队不要采取报复措施。
“Such being the case while General KIMURA was commanding, there was no chance whatever for us to take British-Indian troops as prisoners. Thus the situation of the Burma Area Army for the few months before the end of the war was a succession of defeats. In consequence of the defeats and the subsequent decline in the army's fighting strength, our men were demoralized; they were both physically and morally in a state of exhaustion. The Japanese troops who were scattered in small groups all over the operations areas were overpowered by a sense of defeat, and had their minds occupied only with the question of how to defend themselves against the Burmese rebel army and the guerrillas.
这就是在木村将军指挥下的情形，我们根本没有任何机会俘虏英印部队。 因此，缅甸方面军在战争结束前几个月的情况是一连串的失败。由于失败和随之而来的军队战斗力的下降，我们的士兵士气低落；他们在身体上和精神上都处于疲惫状态。散布在作战地区的小团体中的日军被战败感笼罩，只关心如何抵御缅甸反叛军和游击队。
“The harassing activities that these hostile groups were carrying on in the rear of our army, the loss and destruction of the means of communication, the lack of fresh supplies of dry cell batteries, traffic disturbances caused by British planes, the interruption of communications during the highest rainy season--all these factors combined to all but paralyze the entire working system of the Burma Area Army, thus rendering it very difficult for the officers to lead and supervise their men properly. As the Burma Area Army Headquarters had been scheduled to break up before the end of August 1945, the retrenchment, reorganization and transference of the Army was planned, part of which was actually being executed. Meanwhile, most of the Army Staff officers had been transferred; therefore we were obliged to make-shift with non-career staff officers for the time being. Naturally, the Army Headquarters which was busily engaged in making preparations to meet the intended attacks by the Allied armies by land and sea in the near future experienced much difficulty and inconvenience in attending to their business. It was while we were laboring under these difficulties that the war was ended. Unfavorably circumstanced as he was, Commander KIMURA had been endeavoring all this while to maintain and improve the discipline of his troops and also to win and keep up the trust of the populace.
这些敌对团体在我军后方进行的骚扰活动、通讯手段的损失和破坏、干电池的供应短缺、英国飞机造成的交通混乱、雨季最高峰的通讯中断---所有这些因素加在一起几乎使缅甸方面军的整个工作系统瘫痪，因此导致军官们很难恰当地领导和监督他们的士兵。由于缅甸军区司令部原计划在1945年8月底前解散，军队的裁减、改组和调动都已在计划之中，其中一部分实际上正在执行中。 同时，大部分陆军参谋人员已被调动；因此，我们暂时不得不与非职业参谋人员轮班工作。自然，忙于准备应付盟军近期计划的海陆进攻的陆军司令部在处理事务时遇到了许多困难和不便。正当我们为这些困难而操劳的时候，战争结束了。木村司令处境不利，但他一直在努力维持和改善军纪，也赢得和维持了民众的信任。
“Not one single instance of unlawful conduct allegedly committed by his men was ever reported to the Army Headquarters. I am certain that no orders were ever issued by KIMURA for the perpetration of the atrocious acts, evidence of which has been brought before the court. Such acts would not have been tolerated. As for the Kalagon village affair, the British Army Headquarters, several months after the close of the war, questioned General KIMURA about it; the general and I and the other staff officers as well had not known anything about it. It was in March 1946,if I remember right, that I heard about the affair for the first time.”
据称是他的部下犯下的任何非法行为从未向陆军司令部报告过。我确信木村从未下令实施这些违法行为，这方面的证据已被呈递法庭。这种行为是不能被容忍的。至于卡拉贡村（Kalagon）事件，战争结束几个月后，英国陆军总部曾就此事询问过木村将军；将军和我以及其他参谋人员对此一无所知。如果我没记错的话，1946年3月我是第一次听说这件事。
